Hydraulic Piston Pump
What is Hydraulic Piston Pump?
A hydraulic piston pump is a positive displacement pump that uses reciprocating motion to create rotation along an axis. Some piston pumps have variable displacement, while others have a fixed displacement design,a hydraulic piston pump is capable of the highest pressure ratings and is commonly used to power heavy-duty lifts, presses, shovels, and other components,piston-style pumps also have complex internal components that often allow them to vary the displacement per revolution.
Advantages of Hydraulic Piston Pump
High efficiency
Hydraulic piston pump are highly efficient due to their design, resulting in better energy utilization and reduced heat generation. This high efficiency is critical for maintaining the overall performance and longevity of a hydraulic system.
Compact and lightweight
These pumps are compact and lightweight, making them ideal for applications where space is limited. The compact design allows for easier integration into various machinery and equipment without compromising performance.
Variable displacement capability
Hydraulic piston pump offer variable displacement capabilities, allowing for precise control of fluid flow and pressure. Operators can adjust the displacement according to specific operational requirements, enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the hydraulic system.
Excellent controllability
The precise control achieved through variable displacement contributes to better controllability of the hydraulic system. This is crucial for applications that demand accurate speed and force control, such as in industrial machinery and automotive systems.
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![LA4VSO Axial Piston Variable Pump]()
LA4VSO Axial Piston Variable PumpThe la4vso axial piston variable pump has a certain self-priming ability, but the self-priming height should not exceed 500mm, and it is strictly forbidden to install an oil filter on the suction...read more -
![LA4VSO Axial Piston Variable Pump]()
LA4VSO Axial Piston Variable PumpThe LA4VSO Axial piston variable pump has a certain self-priming ability, but the self-priming height should not exceed 500mm, and it is strictly forbidden to install an oil filter on the suction...read more -
![LA10VSO 31series Axial Piston Variable Pump]()
LA10VSO 31series Axial Piston Variable PumpVariable displacement axial piston pump in swashplate design is designed for open circuit applications. It can be used in mobile and industrial applications. Flow is proportional to the drive...read more -
![LA11V0 Axial Piston Variable Pump]()
LA11V0 Axial Piston Variable PumpThe plunger pump is a type of reciprocating pump, belonging to the volumetric pump. Its plunger is driven by the eccentric rotation of the pump shaft and reciprocates. Its suction and discharge...read more
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Our product
The main products of our company are cycloidal hydraulic motor, and we also produce supporting products like hydraulic winch, hydraulic brake, hydraulic rotary reducer, hydraulic parallel valve, hydraulic steering gear, hydraulic oil pump.
Our equipment
As a professional manufacturer of hydraulic components in china, our company is committed to the development of high-tech products and manufacturing technology. We have cnc forming grinder, cnc internal grinder, cnc external grinder, cnc lathe, cnc milling machine, cnc gear hobbing machine.
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Working Principle of Hydraulic Piston Pump
Fluid intake (suction stroke)
As soon as the pump is set in motion, the swashplate pinpoints to the minimum displacement angle. Because of the way they move across their cylinders, as the shaft turns, the pistons continue moving up and down with an amount of reciprocity. The piston is pulled from the valve plate, thus creating a low-pressure area inside the cylinder. This low-pressure zone pulls liquid in due to the difference in pressure between the reservoir and the cylinder.
Fluid compression (compression stroke)
As the shaft continues to rotate, the swashplate angle increases as pistons approach the valve plate. This motion restricts the fluid confined within the cylinder block, causing its pressure to rise. The gaseous mixture is then pumped out of the cylinder block through the port.
How radial piston pumps work
Fluid intake (suction stroke)
In the first instance, as soon as the pump is started up, some pistons move away from the valve plate. With its rotation, the driveshaft makes the initial radical inward movement of pistons, which are directed further towards the valve plate. Within the suction stroke, the fluid flows into hydraulic cylinder chambers from inlet ports incorporated on the valve plate as a result of variable volumes inside.
Fluid compression (compression stroke)
With subsequent and inward movement of the pistons, they gradually lower the volume within these cylinders, which leads to further compression of this fluid. The compressed fluid is thereafter pushed out of the cylinders through opening ports located at the valve plate. The radial piston pumps are virtually continuous if the driveshaft rotates and there is enough volume of fluid inside the reservoir.
Hydraulic piston pump have become universal elements of hydraulically-based systems used by many industries. They contribute significantly to the powering of machinery and equipment, which are a vital need in contemporary operations due to their ease of operability coupled with high pressures.
Components of Hydraulic Piston Pump
The cylinder block accommodates several cylinders arranged around the axis (axial piston pump) or in a radial direction (radial piston pump), forming rings. Within each cylinder, there is a piston that reciprocates. The cylinder block is the structural component of its type, which supports pistons and helps to keep alignment between them.
Pistons are cylinders that move reciprocating within the pumping cylinder. Under the pumping operation, pistons are found in reciprocating suction and compression stages. It is in the suction stroke that the piston moves away from a valve plate and thus creates an area of low pressure that pulls fluid out. During compression stroke, the piston moves inward from the valve plate, which leads to fluid loading and then forcing out due to its compressed state.
The valve plate is in between the cylinder block and the pistons, controlling both ways fluids go into and out through the ventura. The valve plate features inlet and outlet ports that enable fluid to enter the pump’s interior space via one port before exiting through another. It also has channels or conduits that divert the fluid movement to and from the cylinders as the pistons oscillate.
The swashplate is a slanted plate attached to the rotating shaft of the pump. Using the swashplate adjustment, an active displacement modulation associated with its tilt angle can be achieved. The displacement of pistons is minimal at a low angle in the swashplate, and there will be flow when the fluid flows as little as possible. When the swashplate is positioned at a higher angle, this results in an increment in displacement and, hence, increased fluid flow rates.
The driveshaft transmits the rotation to pistons in a radial pump. In the rotation of the driveshaft, it causes the pistons to return to their cylinders (radial reciprocity). This motion leads to the development of alternate suction and compression strokes for fluid feeding and compression, respectively. The driveshaft is usually coupled to either a motor or an engine that supplies the necessary power for the operation of the pump.
How to Choose Hydraulic Piston Pump
Selecting the appropriate hydraulic piston pump for a specific application is a crucial decision that can significantly impact the performance and efficiency of hydraulic systems. With various types and configurations available, it's essential to understand the factors that influence the choice of a hydro piston.
Types of hydraulic piston pumps revisited
Before diving into the selection process, let's revisit the two primary types of hydraulic piston pumps: Axial piston pumps and radial piston pumps. Axial piston pumps, with their swashplate and bent-axis designs, are known for their compact size, efficiency, and precise control. Swashplate pumps are suitable for applications requiring variable flow rates, while bent-axis pumps are favored when space is limited. Radial piston pumps excel in applications demanding high pressures and heavy-duty performance. Their robust design makes them a reliable choice for industrial and construction applications.
Key considerations for selection
The hydro piston's ability to deliver the required pressure and flow rate is paramount. Consider the demands of your application and select a pump that can provide the necessary fluid power without operating beyond its limits. Efficiency directly impacts the overall performance of the hydraulic system. Look for pumps with high volumetric and mechanical efficiency to ensure optimal energy utilization and reduced operational costs. The operating environment, including factors like temperature, humidity, and exposure to contaminants, affects the pump's longevity. Choose a pump with seals and materials suitable for the specific conditions in which it will operate. Different applications demand varying levels of control over fluid flow and pressure. Some hydraulic piston pumps offer adjustable swashplate angles or variable displacement options, allowing for fine-tuning of system behavior. Available space and mounting requirements play a role in the pump selection process. Axial piston pumps are generally more compact, while radial piston pumps might require more installation space.
Making the right choice
Consider the ease of maintenance and availability of replacement parts when selecting a pump. Pumps that are designed for easy maintenance can reduce downtime and associated costs.In applications where noise and vibrations are a concern, look for pumps designed with features to minimize these effects, such as integrated damping mechanisms. To select the most suitable hydraulic piston pump, it's essential to collaborate with experienced engineers and professionals who understand the intricacies of fluid power systems. Assess your application's requirements comprehensively and consider both short-term performance and long-term reliability.
Application of Hydraulic Piston Pump
Hydraulic systems
For hydraulic systems, piston pumps can be found in industrial machines, construction equipment, farming machinery and automotive systems amongst others. They provide the desired pressure to drive hydraulic cylinders, motors and actuators which allows for precise control of movement and force transmission.
Oil and gas industry
Piston pumps find application in oil and gas industry for various purposes such as well stimulation (hydraulic fracturing and acidizing), mud pumping while drilling wells, chemical injection for corrosion inhibition, flow assurance, high-pressure fluid transfer in pipelines and processing facilities among others as well as wellhead service to increase production rates.
Chemical processing
In the chemical processing industry piston pumps may be used to meter or move a wide variety of chemicals including corrosive liquids, solvents or viscous substances. They are used in chemical manufacturing processes like pharmaceutical production water treatment plants petrochemical refining where there is need for constant accurate flow control together with compatibility with different types of fluids.
Food and beverage industry
The food industry depends on piston pumps to transfer highly viscous substances such as syrups, creams sauces beverages etc. Such applications are commonly found within food processors dairies confectionery manufacturers bottlers etc whom desire hygienic accurate transfer of their products without compromising product characteristics.
Mining and mineral processing
Slurry pumping dewatering mine water management are some examples of mining operations that utilize piston pumps. In mineral processing plants they transport abrasive slurries handle tailings or even convey process liquids like acids leachates through pipelines.
Water and wastewater treatment
Piston pump’s application involves dosing chemicals transporting sludges providing high-pressure feed for filtration membranes osmotic desalination units among other processes at water treatment plants. This maintains efficient operation of municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities.
Power generation
They are used for feeding water into steam power plants, extraction of condensate from the turbine exhaust, providing cooling water to circulate around the generator among other roles. These pumps play a big role in keeping the plant running efficiently and reliably by ensuring steam and water flow properly.
Automotive industry
Piston pumps are used in many automotive systems including lubrication systems, fuel injection system braking system transmission system and others. Such applications provide fluid pressure or flow rate necessary to operate key elements and sub-systems within automotive assemblies.
Hydraulic Piston Pump Installation And Use Precautions
The axial piston pump has two oil drain ports. When installing, connect the high oil drain port to the oil pipe leading to the fuel tank to make it leak oil without pressure, and block the lower oil drain port.
For the pump that has been dismantled, washed and reinstalled, check whether the rotation direction of the shaft and the connection of the oil discharge pipe are correct and reliable before use; and fill the pump body with working oil from the oil drain port at a high place, and first turn it by hand for 3 to 4 turn and start again, so as not to burn out the pump.
Before starting the pump, the relief valve on the oil discharge line should be adjusted to the lowest pressure, and then gradually increased to the required pressure after the pump is running normally. To adjust the variable mechanism, first adjust the displacement to the minimum value, and then gradually adjust to the required flow.
If there is an auxiliary hydraulic pump in the system, start the auxiliary hydraulic pump first, adjust the relief valve controlling the auxiliary pump to make it reach the specified oil supply pressure, and then start the main pump. If any abnormal phenomenon is found, the main pump should be stopped first, and then the auxiliary pump should be stopped after the main pump has stopped.
When overhauling the hydraulic system, generally do not disassemble and wash the pump. When it is confirmed that the pump has a problem and must be disassembled, it must be kept clean to prevent collision, fluffing, scratching or leaving small debris in the pump.
When assembling the spline shaft, do not use too much force, and each cylinder hole should be installed one by one with a plunger, and it cannot be driven in forcefully.
Check the hydraulic fluid levels
Hydraulic fluid is critical to the smooth operation of the pump, so it’s important that correct fluid levels are kept in check at all times.Pump manufacturers typically specify a fluid change schedule, which dictates how often the fluid has to be changed depending on how many hours the pump has been operational. Take note of how long the pump has been in action, and work out when the fluid level in the reservoir needs to be checked. If you’re unsure, a general rule of thumb is that the oil level should usually be at ½ inch from the top of the indicator.
Keep the suction strainer clean
Every hydraulic pump tank has a suction strainer which helps to keep debris at bay. Ensuring the strainer is clean and fully functioning is integral to the overall efficiency of the system which can control the levels of contamination.Remove the suction strainer according to the manufacturer’s instructions and follow the cleaning directions before re-installing it back into the tank.
Regularly change hydraulic filters
Similarly, all other hydraulic filters within the system should be checked frequently to ensure they are effectively removing debris from the fluid.Filters will typically have a specified schedule that dictates how often they should be changed, depending on the number of hours they have been in operation. The longer a filter sits in a system, the less effective it becomes as it starts to clog up.
Visually inspect the hose and connections
Hoses are susceptible to cracking, bending and twisting which can impact the fluid flow and therefore the pressure of the pump. Check for any visible signs of wear, damage or any potential internal issues, and inspect the couplers, fittings and pipes to ensure they are functioning properly and fitted accordingly.
Clean the pump’s exterior
Ensuring that the pump exterior and all connecting equipment are kept as clean as possible is just as important as cleaning the interior. This should be done before removing the pump interior in order to limit any contamination going inside the pump.
Stick to a regular maintenance schedule
Hydraulic piston pump maintenance is one of the most effective ways to keep your equipment working efficiently, but it must be conducted regularly and thoroughly.It’s recommended to perform the above tasks at least once per month, and ensure that all of your operators are aware of what should be done and when. This way, you have the best chance of identifying any possible issues, and rectifying them before it’s too late.
Our Factory
Shandong luke hydraulic technology co., ltd., founded in 2020, is a professional enterprise engaged in the technical development, manufacturing and marketing of cycloidal hydraulic components.The company takes innovation as the development direction of the company, while constantly absorbing the essence of foreign technology. Our business philosophy is "people-oriented, internationalization, informatization, marketization, scientization and standardization". The enterprise spirit "science and technology, industry pioneer", and service aim "create products, customer first ", create the vigorous vitality of luke hydraulic.
FAQ
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